By using the calculators at Documentation/Driveline/SPEEDOMETER GEARS, CABLES, & SENSORS. But there are three of them so here's what they are best used for:
Correct Speedo Error: This one is for when your speedo is reading incorrectly. Just input what the speedo reads at 60 mph and what driven gear you are currently running and it'll tell you the driven gear you need.
Set Up Gearing: This one lets you change anything. Input your "old" setup and then change something in the "new" setup and you can see the speedo cable speed, which you want to be as close as possible to 1000 RPM. Change tire size, drive gear, driven gear, or axle ratio.
Comparative: Two tabs. The Gear Calc tab is pretty simple but shows what adapter box ratio is needed. The Original tab is simple as well.
I'd use the Original on the Comparative tab as it is the most simple one. Again, you want the speedo cable to be spinning at 1000 R's at 60 MPH.
Gary, AKA "Gary fellow":
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Dad's: '81 F150 Ranger XLT 4x4: Down for restomod: Full-roller "stroked 351M" w/Trick Flow heads & intake, EEC-V SEFI/E4OD/3.50 gears w/Kevlar clutches
Blue: 2015 F150 Platinum 4x4 SuperCrew wearing Blue Jeans & sporting a 3.5L EB & Max Tow
Big Blue: 1985 F250HD 4x4: 460/ZF5/3.55's, D60 w/Ox locker & 10.25 Sterling/Trutrac, Blue Top & Borgeson, & EEC-V MAF/SEFI